Uma uke wenza noma yikuphi ukusakaza bukhoma, kufanele ujwayelane nezimiso zokusakaza bukhoma, ikakhulukazi i-RTMP, okuyindlela evamile yokusakaza bukhoma.Kodwa-ke, kunephrothokholi entsha yokusakaza edala umsindo emhlabeni wokusakaza.Ibizwa ngokuthi, SRT.Ngakho, iyini ngempela i-SRT?
I-SRT imele i-Secure Reliable Transport, okuyiphrothokholi yokusakaza eyakhiwe ngabakwa-Haivision.Ake ngibonise ukubaluleka kokusakazwa kwephrothokholi ngesibonelo.Uma othile evula i-YouTube Live ukuze abuke ukusakazwa kwamavidiyo, i-PC yakho ithumela "isicelo sokuxhuma" kuseva.Ngemva kokwamukela isicelo, iseva ibe isibuyisela idatha yevidiyo ehlukaniswe ngezigaba ku-PC lapho ividiyo ikhishwa khona ikhodi futhi idlalwe ngesikhathi esifanayo.I-SRT empeleni iyiphrothokholi yokusakaza okufanele iqondwe amadivayisi amabili ngokusakaza ividiyo engenamthungo.Iphrothokholi ngayinye inobuhle nobubi bayo futhi i-RTMP, i-RTSP, i-HLS ne-SRT ezinye zezimiso ezivelele ezisetshenziswa ekusakazeni ividiyo.
Kungani i-SRT yize i-RTMP iyiphrothokholi yokusakaza ezinzile futhi evame ukusetshenziswa?
Ukuze ufunde okuhle nokubi kwe-SRT kanye nezici zayo, kufanele siqale siyiqhathanise ne-RTMP.I-RTMP, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Real-Time Messaging Protocol, iyiphrothokholi yokusakaza ekhulile, esungulwe kahle enedumela lokuthembeka ngenxa yamakhono ayo okudlulisa amaphekhi asekelwe ku-TCP kanye namabhafa alungisekayo.I-RTMP iyiphrothokholi yokusakaza esetshenziswa kakhulu kodwa ayikaze ibuyekezwe kusukela ngo-2012, ngakho-ke maningi amathuba okuthi ithathelwe indawo yi-SRT.
Okubaluleke kakhulu, i-SRT isingatha ividiyo eyinkinga kangcono kune-RTMP.Ukusakaza-bukhoma i-RTMP ngamanethiwekhi angathembekile, anomkhawulokudonsa ophansi kungase kubangele izinkinga ezifana nokubhafa kanye nokukhohlakala kokusakaza kwakho bukhoma.I-SRT idinga umkhawulokudonsa omncane futhi ixazulula amaphutha edatha ngokushesha.Ngenxa yalokho, ababukeli bakho bazothola ukusakaza okungcono kakhulu, okunomthamo omncane webhafa kanye ne-pixelization.
I-SRT inikeza ukubambezeleka kokuphela kokuphela okuphansi kakhulu futhi inikeza isivinini esishesha izikhathi ezi-2 - 3 kune-RTMP.
Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-RTMP, ukusakaza kwe-SRT kunikeza ukubambezeleka okuphansi.Njengoba kushiwo ephepheni elimhlophe (https://www.haivision.com/resources/white-paper/srt-versus-rtmp/) eshicilelwe yi-Haivision, endaweni yokuhlola efanayo, i-SRT inokubambezeleka okungaphansi izikhathi ezi-2.5 – 3.2 kune-RTMP, okuwukuthuthukiswa okukhulu kakhulu.Njengoba kubonisiwe kumdwebo ongezansi, ibha eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka imelela ukusebenza kwe-SRT, futhi ibha ewolintshi ikhombisa ukubambezeleka kwe-RTMP (ukuhlolwa kwenziwa ezindaweni ezine ezihlukene, njengokusuka eJalimane kuya e-Australia naseJalimane kuya e-US).
Isabonisa ukusebenza okuphezulu ngisho nakunethiwekhi engathembekile
Ngaphandle kokubambezeleka kwayo okuphansi, kufanelekile ukusho ukuthi i-SRT isengadlulisela kunethiwekhi engasebenzi kahle.Ingqalasizinda ye-SRT inemisebenzi eyakhelwe ngaphakathi enciphisa imiphumela emibi ebangelwa ukuguquguquka komkhawulokudonsa, ukulahlekelwa kwephakethe, njll., ngaleyo ndlela igcine ubuqotho nekhwalithi yokudlalwa kwevidiyo ngisho nakumanethiwekhi angalindelekile.
Izinzuzo ezingalethwa yi-SRT?
Ngaphezu kokubambezeleka okuphansi kakhulu kanye nokuqina ezinguqukweni endaweni yenethiwekhi, kukhona nezinye izinzuzo ezingakulethela zona i-SRT.Ngenxa yokuthi ungathumela amavidiyo ngethrafikhi engalindelekile, amanethiwekhi e-GPS abizayo awadingeki, ngakho-ke ungakwazi ukuncintisana ngokwezindleko zakho zesevisi.Ngamanye amazwi, ungathola ukuxhumana kwe-duplex okusebenzisanayo kunoma iyiphi indawo ngokutholakala kwe-inthanethi.Njengoba iyiphrothokholi yokusakaza ividiyo, i-SRT ingapakisha idatha yevidiyo ye-MPEG-2, H.264 kanye ne-HEVC futhi indlela yayo evamile yokubethela iqinisekisa ubumfihlo bedatha.
Ubani okufanele asebenzise i-SRT?
I-SRT yakhelwe zonke izinhlobo ezahlukene zokudluliswa kwamavidiyo.Cabanga nje usehholo lenkomfa eliminyene, wonke umuntu usebenzisa inethiwekhi efanayo ukuze alwele uxhumano lwe-inthanethi.Ukuthumela amavidiyo esitudiyo sokukhiqiza ngenethiwekhi ematasa kangaka, ikhwalithi yokudlulisela izokwehliswa nakanjani.Kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi ukulahleka kwephakethe kwenzeke lapho kuthunyelwa ividiyo ngenethiwekhi ematasa kangaka.I-SRT, kulesi simo, iphumelela kakhulu ekugwemeni lezi zinkinga futhi iletha amavidiyo ekhwalithi ephezulu kuzishumeki ezihlosiwe.
Kukhona futhi izikole eziningi namasonto ezindaweni ezahlukene.Ukuze usakaze amavidiyo phakathi kwezikole noma amasonto ahlukene, ukuzizwisa kokubuka ngeke kube mnandi uma kukhona ukubambezeleka ngesikhathi sokusakaza.Ukubambezeleka kungabangela nokulahlekelwa isikhathi nemali.Nge-SRT, uzokwazi ukudala ukusakazwa kwevidiyo okuyikhwalithi nokuthembekile phakathi kwezindawo ezahlukene.
Yini eyenza i-SRT ibe iphrothokholi yokusakaza ekahle?
Uma ulambele ulwazi futhi ungathanda ukwazi okwengeziwe mayelana namaphuzu amahle angenhla mayelana ne-SRT, izigaba ezimbalwa ezilandelayo zizokunikeza izincazelo ezinemininingwane.Uma usuyazi le mininingwane noma ungenawo nje intshisekelo, ungeqa lezi zigaba.
Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-RTMP ne-SRT ukungabikho kwezitembu zesikhathi kumaheda ephakethe lokusakaza le-RTMP.I-RTMP iqukethe kuphela izitembu zesikhathi zokusakaza kwangempela ngokwezinga lozimele wayo.Amaphakethe angawodwana awanawo lolu lwazi, ngakho-ke umamukeli we-RTMP kufanele athumele iphakethe ngalinye elitholiwe phakathi nesikhathi esinqunyiwe kunqubo yokukhipha amakhodi.Ukuze kulungiswe umehluko ngesikhathi esithathayo ukuze amaphakethe ngamanye ahambe, amabhafa amakhulu ayadingeka.
I-SRT, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ifaka isitembu sesikhathi sephakethe ngalinye.Lokhu kuvumela ukuphinda kusetshenziswe izici zesignali ohlangothini lomamukeli futhi kunciphisa ngokumangalisayo isidingo sokugcina kumthamo.Ngamanye amazwi, ukusakaza kancane okushiya umamukeli kufana ncamashi nomfudlana ongena kumthumeli we-SRT.Omunye umehluko obalulekile phakathi kwe-RTMP ne-SRT ukuqaliswa kokudluliswa kabusha kwephakethe.I-SRT ingakwazi ukuhlonza iphakethe ngalinye elilahlekile ngenombolo yalo yokulandelana.Uma i-delta yenombolo yokulandelana ingaphezu kwephakethe elilodwa, ukudluliswa kabusha kwalelo phakethe kuyaqaliswa.Yilelo phakethe kuphela elithunyelwa futhi ukuze kugcinwe ukubambezeleka kanye ne-overhead iphansi.
Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nemininingwane yobuchwepheshe, vakashela iwebhusayithi esemthethweni ye-Haivision futhi ulande ukubuka konke kwezobuchwepheshe (https://www.haivision.com/blog/all/excited-srt-video-streaming-protocol-technical-overview/).
Imikhawulo ye-SRT
Ngemva kokubona izinzuzo eziningi kangaka ze-SRT, ake sibheke ukulinganiselwa kwayo manje.Ngaphandle kwe-Wowza, amapulatifomu amaningi okusakaza ngesikhathi sangempela awakabi nayo i-SRT ezinhlelweni zawo ngakho-ke ngeke ukwazi ukusizakala ngezici zayo ezinhle kusukela ekugcineni kweklayenti.Kodwa-ke, njengoba izinkampani eziningi kanye nabasebenzisi abazimele bamukela i-SRT, kulindeleke ukuthi i-SRT ibe indinganiso yokusakaza ividiyo yesikhathi esizayo.
Isikhumbuzi sokugcina
Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, isici esikhulu kunazo zonke se-SRT ukubambezeleka kwayo okuphansi kodwa kukhona nezinye izici kukho konke ukugeleza komsebenzi wokusakaza okungaholela ekubenimbezeleka futhi ekugcineni kube nesipiliyoni sokubuka esibi njengomkhawulokudonsa wenethiwekhi, i-codec yedivayisi namamonitha.I-SRT ayiqinisekisi ukubambezeleka okuphansi nezinye izici ezifana nendawo yenethiwekhi namadivayisi okusakaza-bukhoma nazo kufanele zinakwe.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-13-2022