Enye yezinto ezibalulekile okufanele uzazi "Izinga Lohlaka" ukuze ufunde inqubo yokukhiqizwa kwamavidiyo.Ngaphambi kokukhuluma ngezinga lohlaka, kufanele siqale siqonde umgomo wokwethulwa kopopayi (ividiyo).Amavidiyo esiwabukayo akhiwe uchungechunge lwezithombe ezimile.Njengoba umehluko phakathi kwesithombe ngasinye esimile mncane kakhulu, lapho lezo zithombe zibukwa ngesivinini esithile, izithombe ezimile ezicwebezelayo zinikeza ukubonakala ku-retina yeso lomuntu okuphumela kuvidiyo esiyibukayo.Futhi ngayinye yalezo zithombe ibizwa ngokuthi “uhlaka.”
"Uhlaka Ngomzuzwana" noma lokho okubizwa ngokuthi "i-fps" kusho ukuthi zingaki izithombe ezisasele kuvidiyo ngesekhondi ngalinye.Isibonelo, i-60fps isho ukuthi iqukethe amafreyimu angama-60 ezithombe ezimile ngomzuzwana.Ngokocwaningo, isistimu yokubuka yomuntu ingacubungula izithombe ezimile eziyi-10 kuye kweziyi-12 ngomzuzwana, kuyilapho amafreyimu amaningi ngomzuzwana athathwa njengokunyakaza.Uma izinga lozimele lingaphezulu kuka-60fps, kuba nzima ngesistimu yokubuka yomuntu ukubona umehluko omncane esithombeni esinyakazayo.Namuhla, ukukhiqizwa kwefilimu okuningi kusebenza ku-24fps.
Yini i-NTSC System kanye ne-PAL System?
Uma ithelevishini ifika emhlabeni, ithelevishini iphinde yashintsha ifomethi yezinga lozimele wevidiyo.Njengoba imonitha yethula izithombe ngokukhanyisa, izinga lozimele ngesekhondi ngalinye lichazwa ngokuthi zingaki izithombe ezingaskenwa phakathi nomzuzwana owodwa.Kunezindlela ezimbili zokuskena izithombe-"Ukuskena Okuqhubekayo" kanye "Ukuskena Okuhlanganisiwe."
Ukuskena okuqhubekayo kuphinde kubizwe ngokuthi ukuskena okungahlangani, futhi kuyifomethi yokubonisa lapho yonke imigqa yozimele ngamunye idwetshwa ngokulandelana.Ukusetshenziswa kokuskena okuhlanganisiwe kungenxa yokunqunyelwa komkhawulokudonsa wesiginali.Ividiyo ehambisanayo isebenzisa amasistimu kamabonakude we-analogi avamile.Kufanele iskene imigqa enenombolo eyinqaba yenkambu yesithombe kuqala bese iba emigqeni enenombolo elinganayo yenkambu yesithombe.Ngokushintsha ngokushesha izithombe ezimbili "zehhafu-uhlaka" zenza kubukeke njengesithombe esiphelele.
Ngokwale thiyori engenhla, elithi “p” lisho Ukuskena Okuqhubekayo, kanti elithi “i” limele Ukuskena Okuhlanganisiwe.I-“1080p 30″ isho ukulungiswa kwe-Full HD (1920×1080), eyakhiwe “izinhlaka ezigcwele” ezingama-30 zokuskena okuqhubekayo ngomzuzwana.Futhi i-“1080i 60″ isho ukuthi isithombe se-Full HD sakhiwe ama-60 “ozimele ohhafu” abaxhumene ngesekhondi ngalinye.
Ukuze kugwenywe ukuphazamiseka nomsindo odalwa amasignali amanje nawe-TV kumafrikhwensi ahlukene, i-National Television System Committee (NTSC) e-USA ithuthukise ifrikhwensi yokuskena ehlanganisiwe ukuze ibe ngu-60Hz, efanayo nefrikhwensi yamanje eshintshanayo (AC).Lena yindlela amanani ozimele we-30fps kanye ne-60fps akhiqizwa ngayo.Uhlelo lwe-NTSC lusebenza e-USA naseCanada, Japan, Korea, Philippines, naseTaiwan.
Uma uqaphele, ingabe uke uwabone amadivayisi athile evidiyo inothi 29.97 kanye ne-59.94 fps kuma-specs?Izinombolo eziyinqaba yingoba ngenkathi i-TV yombala isungulwa, isignali yombala yengezwa kusignali yevidiyo.Nokho, imvamisa yesiginali yombala igqagqana nesiginali yomsindo.Ukuvimbela ukuphazamiseka phakathi kwezimpawu zevidiyo nomsindo, onjiniyela baseMelika baphansi ngo-0.1% wama-30fps.Ngakho-ke, izinga lozimele we-TV yombala lishintshiwe lisuka ku-30fps laya ku-29.97fps, kwathi i-60fps yashintshwa yaba ngu-59.94fps.
Qhathanisa nohlelo lwe-NTSC, umkhiqizi we-TV waseJalimane i-Telefunken uthuthukise uhlelo lwe-PAL.Uhlelo lwe-PAL lwamukela u-25fps no-50fps ngoba imvamisa ye-AC ingu-50 Hertz (Hz).Futhi amazwe amaningi aseYurophu (ngaphandle kweFrance), amazwe aseMpumalanga Ephakathi, kanye neChina asebenzisa uhlelo lwe-PAL.
Namuhla, imboni yokusakaza isebenzisa i-25fps (uhlelo lwe-PAL) kanye ne-30fps (uhlelo lwe-NTSC) njengezinga lozimele lokukhiqizwa kwevidiyo.Njengoba imvamisa yamandla e-AC ihlukile ngokwesifunda nangezwe, ngakho qiniseka ukuthi usetha isistimu ehambisanayo efanele ngaphambi kokushutha ividiyo.Shutha ividiyo ngesistimu engalungile, isibonelo, uma uthwebula ividiyo ngesilinganiso sozimele wesistimu ye-PAL eNyakatho Melika, uzothola ukuthi isithombe siyacwayiza.
I-Shutter kanye ne-Frame Rate
Izinga lozimele lihlotshaniswa kakhulu nesivinini sokuvala.I-"Shutter Speed" kufanele iphindwe kabili I-Frame Rate, okuholela ekuboneni okubonakalayo okuhle kakhulu kwamehlo abantu.Isibonelo, uma ividiyo isebenzisa i-30fps, iphakamisa ukuthi isivinini sokuvala sekhamera sisethwe kumasekhondi angu-1/60.Uma ikhamera ikwazi ukudubula ku-60fps, isivinini sokuvala sekhamera kufanele sibe yisekhondi elingu-1/125.
Uma isivinini sokuvala sihamba kancane ngokwezinga lozimele, isibonelo, uma isivinini sokuvala sisethwe ku-1/10 wesekhondi ukuze kuthwetshulwe ividiyo engu-30fps, umbukeli uzobona ukunyakaza okufiphele kuvidiyo.Ngokuphambene nalokho, uma isivinini se-shutter siphezulu kakhulu kusilinganiso sefreyimu, isibonelo, uma isivinini se-shutter sibekwe ku-1/120 wesekhondi ukudubula ividiyo engu-30fps, ukunyakaza kwezinto kuzobukeka njengamarobhothi njengokungathi ziqoshwe esitobhini. umnyakazo.
Isetshenziswa Kanjani Isilinganiso Sozimele Esifanelekile
Izinga lozimele levidiyo liyithinta kakhulu indlela ividiyo ebukeka ngayo, okunquma ukuthi ividiyo ibonakala ingokoqobo kangakanani.Uma isihloko sokukhiqiza ividiyo siyisihloko esimile, njengohlelo lwesemina, ukurekhodwa kwezinkulumo, nenkomfa ngevidiyo, kungaphezu kokwanele ukushutha ividiyo nge-30fps.Ividiyo ye-30fps iveza ukunyakaza kwemvelo njengokubonwa komuntu.
Uma ufuna ividiyo ibe nesithombe esicacile ngenkathi idlala ngokunensa, ungathwebula ividiyo nge-60fps.Abathwebuli bevidiyo abaningi abangochwepheshe basebenzisa izinga eliphezulu lozimele ukushutha ividiyo futhi basebenzise ama-fps aphansi ekukhiqizeni ngemva kokukhiqiza ukuze bakhiqize ividiyo ehamba kancane.Uhlelo lokusebenza olungenhla lungenye yezindlela ezivamile zokudala isimo sothando sobuhle ngevidiyo enyakazayo.
Uma ufuna ukumisa izinto ngokunyakaza kwesivinini esikhulu, kufanele uthwebule ividiyo nge-120fps.Thatha ifilimu ethi "Billy Lynn in the Middle" njengesibonelo.Ifilimu ithathwe i-4K 120fps.Ividiyo enokulungiswa okuphezulu ingethula ngokusobala imininingwane yezithombe, njengothuli nokusaphazeka kwemfucumfucu ekuqhumeni kwesibhamu, kanye nenhlansi yeziqhumane, inikeze izethameli umbono ohlaba umxhwele njengokungathi zisendaweni yesehlakalo.
Okokugcina, sithanda ukukhumbuza abafundi kufanele basebenzise izinga lozimele elifanayo ukuze bathwebule amavidiyo kuphrojekthi efanayo.Ithimba lezobuchwepheshe kufanele lihlole ukuthi ikhamera ngayinye isebenzisa isilinganiso sozimele esifanayo ngenkathi lenza ukuhamba komsebenzi kwe-EFP.Uma Ikhamera A isebenza ngo-30fps, kodwa Ikhamera B isebenza ngo-60fps, izethameli ezihlakaniphile zizobona ukunyakaza kwevidiyo kungahambisani.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-22-2022